Buy Stacker 2
Stacker 2 is your basic ECA stack with a bit of chromium picolinate added to the mix. White willow bark is used instead of aspirin, and the caffeine comes from kola nut. The main fat-burning agents are clearly the ephedrine and caffeine. Numerous studies have shown that when these two nutrients are combined in the right ratios that a synergistic effect occurs, resulting in significant fat loss.
Here is a breakdown of the individual ingredients in Stacker 2 and what they do:
Ephedrine is the primary fat-burning chemical in the Ephdra sinica plant, from which it gets its name. Also known as ma huang, this plant has a long history of usage in Asian countries for the treatment of asthma and other bronchial conditions. A related chemical, pseudoephedrine, is also found in the plant and is an ingredient in many cold and flu remedies.
Ephedrine is a stimulant that works on the adrenergic receptors of the central nervous system. It has been shown to increase the level of dopamine, which is a precursor to both epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are vital neurotransmitters. Dopamine is also an important neurotransmitter around the hypothalamus, an area of the brain that is important for body arousal. Unlike caffeine, which exerts many of its benefits in muscle tissue, ephedrine appears to work primarily on the central nervous system.
Ephedrine is an effective fat burner on its own, and when it is combined with caffeine, the effects are even greater. While the reasons for this are still not known, it is thought that caffeine has a "permissive" action on ephedrine, lowering the amounts needed to achieve its physiological effects. In other words, caffeine potentiates ephedrine's effect. Stacker 2 uses an 8:1 ratio of caffeine to ephedrine stronger than the 10:1 ratio that was used in the clinical trials that showed such positive synergistic effects with this combination. (For more studies on the ingredients in Stacker 2, see Stacker 2 Reviews.
The caffeine source in Stacker 2 is kola nut. This nut comes from two evergreen trees (Cola acuminata and Cola nitida) of the cocoa family that are native to tropical Africa. The original "cola" in Coca-Cola, it has been used as a tribal medicine for centuries. It aids digestion, combats intoxication and diminishes feelings of hunger and fatigue. It is, of course, for its appetite-suppression and energy-stimulation benefits that it helps as a fat burner. The seed kernel contains caffeine as well as traces of theobromine (another stimulant).
As far as fat burning is concerned, the primary active ingredient in kola nut is caffeine. This plant chemical is rapidly absorbed by the body and remains in circulation for more than seven hours. Plasma concentrations reach a peak one hour after it is consumed. It is then slowly metabolized, with a half-life of four to six hours.
Caffeine has been shown to dramatically increase free fatty-acid levels, providing the body with a fuel source that it can use instead of the glycogen stored in your liver and muscles. In fact, one study found a 100% increase in plasma free fatty acids after the subjects took 330 mg of caffeine.
At the same time, caffeine has been shown to increase adrenaline levels. This "fight-or-flight" hormone increases alertness and boosts energy levels, helping you to go through your daily tasks with less food intake. Most people experience a reduced appetite when their adrenaline levels are high, usually because they are focused on more essential tasks. With these two mechanisms, it's easy to understand why caffeine is important for jump-starting your weight-loss efforts.
Willow bark is a natural source of salicin, which is similar to the acetylsalicylic acid in aspirin. A traditional pain remedy of the American Indians, this ingredient can further increase the effects of the E/C stack by helping to raise the body's set point for temperature regulation and keeping the body from re-regulating itself. This boosts the basal metabolic rate and helps to burn more body fat. There does not appear to be any difference between white and purple willow bark.
Chromium is a mineral that helps insulin bind to its receptor sites. It is also involved in the metabolism of glucose for energy. A deficiency of chromium can lead to increased fat storage, fatigue, sugar cravings and mood swings, all of which are counterproductive to your weight-loss goals. The average American does not get close to enough chromium, so supplementation is often required. Getting your chromium in a fat burner is as good as buying and consuming it separately.
The picolinate part of the molecule increases the bioavailability of the chromium compared to the pure metal. While there is a lot of brouhaha about the supposed advantages of specific carrier molecules, no comparative research has ever been done. All of the commonly available forms of chromium supplements are sufficiently bioavailable to eliminate any deficiency of this mineral that you may have.
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